Fearless Fighters

The Mongols were known as fearless and remorseless fighters. They developed fighting machines & techniques that enabled them to break into the cities they besieged. The mongols were merciless towards those people who resisted them, & sometimes they slaughtered entire populations.

Knigths in shining armor

Knights were soldiers in the service of a norman lord. Most knights received land from their lord in order to provide them w/ a form of income. They owned their loyalty to their lord & had to fight for him whenever asked. This meant that knights were called upon in times of unrest. The period when knighthood developed is sometimes called the age of chivalry. This is because a strict code of behavior for knights was put into practice.

How are twins produced?

Twins may be absolutely identical or only as similar as a typical brother or sister. Identical twins are produced when the embryo splits into two in the early stages of its development. This produces two identical children of the same sex. Non-identical twins are produced when two eggs are released at the same time & both are fertilized. They can be the same sex, or brother & sister. One in 83 pregnancies results in twins. Identical twins look so alike they can only be told apart by fingerprints.

Why do we have different teeth?

Teeth have diff. shapes so they can carry out diff. jobs. INCISOR teeth at the front of the mouth are flat & shaped like chisels. You use them to cut your food. The CANINES are the the pointed teeth just behind the incisors, & you use them to tear food. The back teeth called MOLARS & PREMOLARS, are flattened so they can grind the food into small pieces ready fpr swallowing.

Which reptile had the longest neck?

one of the most remarkable looking reptiles that ever lived was called TANYSTROPHEUS. It was about 3m long, but almost 2m of this length was its neck! Tanystropheus was quiet lightly built, & its neck was probably not very flexible because it contained only a few verteoral. No one is quiet sure just how this creature lived or why its neck was so incredibly long, but the shape of its teeth suggests that it might have been a fish eater. The long neck could have extended like a fishing rod to help it catch its fish prey.

What was the largest shark that ever lived?

The modern white shark reaches a length of 6m, making it one of the most feared predators of the seas. But an extinct shark may have been 12m long & weighed around ten times as much as the white shark. This shark, called CARCHAROCLES, lived about 15 million yrs ago, & its bulk was the size of a bus. Only its huge teeth have survived, aerowing palaeontologists (scientists who study fossils) to calculate its actual size. The jaws of the mega tooth shark would have been large enough to swallow a car.

Where do tea & coffe come from?

Tea is made from leaves of a species of Camellia plant. It is widely grown in cool regions of China & India.

Coffee was originally grown in Ethiopia, but it is now grown throughout the world. The coffee plant a small evergreen shrub, & the coffee bear is the seed at the heart of a fleshy red bury.

Different kinds of heels

HEELS- In human anatomy, the heel is the prominence at the posterior end of the foot. It is based on the projection of one bone, the calcaneus or heel bone, behind the articulation of the bones of the lower leg.

WHY DO I HAVE HAIR?

Hair originally helped prevent heat loss from the body. It no longer has that function although it does help to protect your head. Each hair grows from a pit in the skin called a follicle. The hair itself is made of a tough material called keratin, and it grows continuously from the follicle. The hair shaft contains pigment that gives the hair its color. In other people, air may enter the hallow hair shaft,making it look grey.

Hair is straight or curly depending on the shape of the follicle from w/c it grows. Straight hair grows from completely round follicles, while wavy hair comes from oval follicles. Very curly hair grows fom flattened follicles.

WHY DO PEOPLE GROW OLD?

Ageing is a result of the gradual failure if the body’s cells & organs to replace or repair themselves. This is because there is a limit to the number of times that each cell can divide. As the body’s cells begin to near this limit, the rate at w/c they divide slows down. Sometimes the new cells that are produced have defects or do not carry out their usual task effectively. Organs can then begin to fail, tissues change in structure, & the chemical reactions that power the body become less efficient.